Generations of computer

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What is Generation?

The development of electronic computing is called Generation.There are Five Generations of computer available,and the sisth Generation of computer can be developed in the 21st century.

First Generation:

The First Generation is based on vacuum tube technology.It was used for storage and control and calculation. It was invented by John Embrose in 1904.The first Generation computer can understand the lowerest computer language.These computer can solve only problem at one time.The Megnatic drums was used in these computer for storage, which worked very slow.The advantage of these computers is that they can  calculate in milliseconds (about five thousand sums per second.The disadvantage of these computer is that they are Lage in size and heavy in weight.Vaccume tubes are used in these computer which produces a large amount of heat.these computer use in different fields like weather forecasting, solving mathematical problems, energy tasks, also in space research, military, and other scientific tasks.the first computer of the world named “ENIAC” (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was discovered by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert in the year between 1943 to 1945.

ENIAC used panel-to-panel wiring and switches for programming, occupied more than 1,000 square feet, used about 18,000 vacuum tubes, and weighed 30 tons.














Second Generation:

In second Generation of computer was replaced with transistors.These computer was invented by William Shockely in 1947.Transistors were more superior to the vacuum tube, allowing computers to get faster, cheaper, more energy-efficient made and possible to reduce the size of computing equipment and ultimately heat reduced and reliability improved.

Computers of second-generation use  first high-level programming languages, allowing programmers to specify instructions in words. Early versions of COBOL, ALGOL, SNOBOL, and FORTRAN languages were developed.This second generation of computers was  used in the fields like the atomic energy industry and nuclear power plants and other commercial fields.Megnatic tapes are used to store data these computer are small in size then first generation Examples of the second generation of computers include IBM 1620, CDC 1604, IBM 7094, UNIVAC 1108, IBM 620, CDC 3600, IBM 4044.












Third Generation:

In third Generation of computer integrated circuit was used in computer.These circuit was invented by Jack Kilby from 1958 to 1964.IC consist of many transited mounted on chips.The invention of IC incredibly decreased the size of computers and made it easy for transportation from one place to another. The working speed and efficiency of this generation of computers were much faster than the previous generation and even cheaper.
More reliable, inexpensive, faster, energy-efficient, as well as very light in weight than 2nd gen computers.
The first Computer Mouse and Keyboard were appeared and used in the 3rd generation of computers.

High-end languages such as PASCAL, BASIC, FORTRAN – II TO IV, COBOL, ALGOL developed in this generation.




Forth Generation:

The microprocessor used in  the fourth generation of computers, as thousands of integrated circuits equivalent to about millions of transistors were assembled and brought the whole central processing unit and other fundamental elements of the machine into a small chip called a microprocessor fitted on the CPU socket

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May 13, 2022 at 10:12 AM
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